四维数组的指针语法

问题描述 投票：0回答：1

这个数组分配的3D版本似乎工作正常，但添加第四个维度显然会导致段错误。编辑:(原来指针的东西很好，只是内循环中的一对拼写错误）

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>

    #define M 2
    #define N 3
    #define O 4
    #define P 5

    int main()
    {
        int ****A = malloc(sizeof(int***)*M);
        int i, j, k, m;

        if(!A) 
        {
            printf (" **** Out of Memory");
        }
        for(i = 0; i < M; i++)
        {
            A[i] = malloc(sizeof(int**)*N);
            if(!A[i]) 
            {
                 printf(" *** Out of Memory");
            }
            for(j = 0; j < N; j++)
            {
                A[i][j] = malloc(sizeof(int*)*O);
                if(!A[i][j]) 
                {
                    printf(" ** Out of Memory");
                }
                for(k = 0; k < O; k++)
                {

/* TYPO 1 - former site of main problem, a "==" typo */
                    A[i][j][k] = malloc(sizeof(int)*P); 
                    if(!A[i][j][k]) 
                    {
                        printf(" * Out of Memory\n");
                    }

/* TYPO 2 - former site of ")A;" typo unrelated to main problem */
                    printf("Allocation: A[i][j][k] at %p, A[i][j]: %p, A[i]: %p, A: %p\n", A[i][j][k], A[i][j], A[i], A); 
                }
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }

无论M，N，O，P的大小如何，Mingw在18 - 26次分配后给出out of memory错误。

在linux gcc上运行的相同代码会立即产生错误和段错误

此代码的三维版本（仅少一个for循环）工作，不会产生错误。

mingw输出：

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 00B326F8, A[i][j]: 00B30D60, A[i]: 00B30D48, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 00B300C0, A[i][j]: 00B30D60, A[i]: 00B30D48, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 69575C3A, A[i][j]: 00B30D60, A[i]: 00B30D48, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 776F646E, A[i][j]: 00B30D60, A[i]: 00B30D48, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 00B33700, A[i][j]: 00B30DF8, A[i]: 00B30D48, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 00B300C0, A[i][j]: 00B30DF8, A[i]: 00B30D48, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 45434F52, A[i][j]: 00B30DF8, A[i]: 00B30D48, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 524F5353, A[i][j]: 00B30DF8, A[i]: 00B30D48, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 00B33700, A[i][j]: 00B30E90, A[i]: 00B30D48, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 00B300C0, A[i][j]: 00B30E90, A[i]: 00B30D48, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 6F646E69, A[i][j]: 00B30E90, A[i]: 00B30D48, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 535C7377, A[i][j]: 00B30E90, A[i]: 00B30D48, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 00B33700, A[i][j]: 00B30F40, A[i]: 00B30F28, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 00B300C0, A[i][j]: 00B30F40, A[i]: 00B30F28, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 6D766E44, A[i][j]: 00B30F40, A[i]: 00B30F28, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 5C3A433B, A[i][j]: 00B30F40, A[i]: 00B30F28, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 00B30FD8, A[i][j]: 00B304A0, A[i]: 00B30F28, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 00B300C0, A[i][j]: 00B304A0, A[i]: 00B30F28, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 00000231, A[i][j]: 00B304A0, A[i]: 00B30F28, A: 76FD74CD

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 00000000, A[i][j]: 00B304A0, A[i]: 00B30F28, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 00B304D8, A[i][j]: 00B313E0, A[i]: 00B30F28, A: 
76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 00B300C0, A[i][j]: 00B313E0, A[i]: 00B30F28, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 6F646E69, A[i][j]: 00B313E0, A[i]: 00B30F28, A: 76FD74CD

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at 00007377, A[i][j]: 00B313E0, A[i]: 00B30F28, A: 76FD74CD

Process returned 255 (0xFF)   execution time : 3.891 s

在linux上，相同的代码产生：

* Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x9617028, A[i]: 0x9617018, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x9617028, A[i]: 0x9617018, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x9617028, A[i]: 0x9617018, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x9617028, A[i]: 0x9617018, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x96170a0, A[i]: 0x9617018, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x96170a0, A[i]: 0x9617018, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x96170a0, A[i]: 0x9617018, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x96170a0, A[i]: 0x9617018, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x9617118, A[i]: 0x9617018, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x9617118, A[i]: 0x9617018, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x9617118, A[i]: 0x9617018, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x9617118, A[i]: 0x9617018, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x96171a0, A[i]: 0x9617190, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x96171a0, A[i]: 0x9617190, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x96171a0, A[i]: 0x9617190, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x96171a0, A[i]: 0x9617190, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x9617218, A[i]: 0x9617190, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x9617218, A[i]: 0x9617190, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x9617218, A[i]: 0x9617190, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x9617218, A[i]: 0x9617190, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x9617290, A[i]: 0x9617190, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x9617290, A[i]: 0x9617190, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x9617290, A[i]: 0x9617190, A: 0x24ab80

 * Out of Memory

Allocation: A[i][j][k] at (nil), A[i][j]: 0x9617290, A[i]: 0x9617190, A: 0x24ab80

Segmentation fault

编辑：根本不是指针符号问题。在print语句中有一个随机的“==”而不是“=”和错误的“）”。

c
1个回答
4
投票
A[i][j][k] == (int*)malloc(sizeof(int)*P);

然后你尝试访问它

if(!A[i][j][k])

给你分段错误。

这适用于3维度？不。也许是因为你没有这个循环。

更正将

A[i][j][k] = malloc(sizeof(int)*P);

你不需要那个演员 - 这是多余的。

如果你这样做的话，所有这4个mallocs都可以更干净，更轻松

int ****A = malloc(sizeof *A * M);

和

A[i] = malloc(sizeof *A[i] * N);

也像这样编译你的代码

gcc -Wall -Werror progname.c

这会发出一个警告，让你意识到这种平等 - 同等的问题。

插图代码： - 

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define M 2
#define N 3
#define O 4
#define P 5

int main(void)
{
    int ****A = malloc(sizeof*A*M);


    if(!A)
    {
        perror(" *** Out of Memory");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    for(size_t i = 0; i < M; i++)
    {
        A[i] = malloc(sizeof *A[i]*N);
        if(!A[i])
        {
            perror(" *** Out of Memory");
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        for(size_t j = 0; j < N; j++)
        {
            A[i][j] = malloc(sizeof(int*)*O);
            if(!A[i][j])
            {
                perror(" *** Out of Memory");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
            }
            for(size_t k = 0; k < O; k++)
            {
                A[i][j][k] = malloc(sizeof *A[i][j][k]*P);
                if(!A[i][j][k])
                {
                    perror(" *** Out of Memory");
                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                printf("Allocation: A[i][j][k] at %p, A[i][j]: %p, A[i]: %p, A: %p\n", (void*)A[i][j][k], (void*)A[i][j], (void*)A[i], (void*)A);
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}
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