django rest框架列'product_id'不能为null

Question

我有这个视图我希望在使用post方法收到产品时在db中保存记录

class PeymentAPIView(APIView):

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        serilizer = PeymentSerializer(data=request.data)
        if serilizer.is_valid():
            serilizer.save(user=request.user,
                           status=0)
            return Response("ok")
        else:
            #return Response(serilizer.errors)
             return Response(status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

与邮政人员即时通过邮寄方式发送：

{
    "product": 2
}

但我有这个错误，请你告诉我为什么

(1048, "Column 'product_id' cannot be null")

这是我的序列化器：

# product peyment
class PeymentSerializer(ModelSerializer):

    product = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    def get_product(self, obj):
        return obj.product.product_id

    user = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    def get_user(self, obj):
        return obj.id

    class Meta:
        model = Peyment
        fields = [
            'product',
            'status',
            'user',
            'transfer_id',
            'created_date',
            'updated_date',
        ]
        read_only_fields = ['user']

它是相关的模型：

class Peyment(models.Model):
    product = models.ForeignKey(Product, on_delete=models.CASCADE, to_field='product_id',
                                related_name='product_peyment')
    status = models.CharField(max_length=30, null=True)
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING)
    transfer_id = models.CharField(max_length=100, null=True, blank=True)
    created_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    updated_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)

Answer 1

SerializerMethodField是read_only字段。您需要将其替换为PrimaryKeyRelatedField以发布product_id数据：

class PeymentSerializer(ModelSerializer):
    product = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField()

    user = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    def get_user(self, obj):
        return obj.id

    class Meta:
        model = Peyment
        fields = [
            'product',
            'status',
            'user',
            'transfer_id',
            'created_date',
            'updated_date',
        ]
        read_only_fields = ['user']

由于PrimaryKeyRelatedField是关系的默认字段，因此您可以删除显式定义。对于用户字段也是如此：

class PeymentSerializer(ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model = Peyment
        fields = [
            'product',
            'status',
            'user',
            'transfer_id',
            'created_date',
            'updated_date',
        ]
        read_only_fields = ['user']