将对象反序列化为
Dictionary
(JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<IDictionary<string,object>>(json)
) 时,嵌套对象将反序列化为 JObject
。是否可以强制将嵌套对象反序列化为 Dictionary
s?
我找到了一种通过提供
Dictionary<string,object>
实现将所有嵌套对象转换为 CustomCreationConverter
的方法:
class MyConverter : CustomCreationConverter<IDictionary<string, object>>
{
public override IDictionary<string, object> Create(Type objectType)
{
return new Dictionary<string, object>();
}
public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
{
// in addition to handling IDictionary<string, object>
// we want to handle the deserialization of dict value
// which is of type object
return objectType == typeof(object) || base.CanConvert(objectType);
}
public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
{
if (reader.TokenType == JsonToken.StartObject
|| reader.TokenType == JsonToken.Null)
return base.ReadJson(reader, objectType, existingValue, serializer);
// if the next token is not an object
// then fall back on standard deserializer (strings, numbers etc.)
return serializer.Deserialize(reader);
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var json = File.ReadAllText(@"c:\test.json");
var obj = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<IDictionary<string, object>>(
json, new JsonConverter[] {new MyConverter()});
}
}
当我遇到这个问题时,我有一个非常相似但稍微复杂的需求。起初我想也许我可以调整接受的答案,但这看起来有点复杂,我最终采取了不同的方法。我试图将现代 JSON 层置于旧版 C++ API 之上。我就不详细介绍了,只是说要求归结为:
JSON 对象变成
Dictionary<string,object>
。JSON 数组变成
List<object>
。JSON 值成为相应的原始 CLR 值。
对象和数组可以无限嵌套。
我首先将请求字符串反序列化为Newtonsoft JSON对象,然后调用我的方法按照上面的要求进行转换:
var jsonObject = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(requestString);
var apiRequest = ToApiRequest(jsonObject);
// call the legacy C++ API ...
这是我转换为 API 期望的结构的方法:
private static object ToApiRequest(object requestObject)
{
switch (requestObject)
{
case JObject jObject: // objects become Dictionary<string,object>
return ((IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<string, JToken>>) jObject).ToDictionary(j => j.Key, j => ToApiRequest(j.Value));
case JArray jArray: // arrays become List<object>
return jArray.Select(ToApiRequest).ToList();
case JValue jValue: // values just become the value
return jValue.Value;
default: // don't know what to do here
throw new Exception($"Unsupported type: {requestObject.GetType()}");
}
}
我希望有人能发现这种方法有用。
@AlexD 接受的解决方案 效果并不理想。它返回
JArray
的 JObject
而不是 List<Dictionary<string, object>>
可以通过修改ReadJson()方法来解决:
public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
{
if (reader.TokenType == JsonToken.StartObject || reader.TokenType == JsonToken.Null)
return base.ReadJson(reader, objectType, existingValue, serializer);
//if it's an array serialize it as a list of dictionaries
if(reader.TokenType == JsonToken.ArrayStart)
return serializer.Deserialize(reader, typeof(List<Dictionary<string, object>>));
// if the next token is not an object
// then fall back on standard deserializer (strings, numbers etc.)
return serializer.Deserialize(reader);
}
替代/更新:
我需要反序列化
String
的字典,并且使用当前的 Json.NET (5.0),我不必创建 CustomConverter,我只是使用(在 VB.Net 中):
JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(Of IDictionary(Of String, IDictionary(Of String, String)))(jsonString)
或者,在 C# 中:
JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<IDictionary<String, IDictionary<String, String>>(jsonString);
我有一个“未知”字典的嵌套/深层结构,它与 C# 对象和 JSON 字符串进行序列化/反序列化。 .NET 5.
如果我使用
Newtonsoft
,它不会自动工作。
如果我使用
System.Text.Json
它会自动工作。
//does NOT work (newtonDeserialized does not have the same data in the nested Dictionaries as in object):
var newtonSerialized = Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert.SerializeObject(object);
var newtonDeserialized = Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<WaitlistResponse>(newtonSerialized);
//Works (netDeserialized have the same data in the nested Directories as in object):
var netSerialized = System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.Serialize(object);
var netDeserialized = System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.Deserialize<WaitlistResponse>(netSerialized);
就我而言,并非所有内容都是嵌套字典。我还有一个数组,它是基本类型的键值对,当数组的对象不是字典时它会抛出异常。
所以,根据Phillip S的回答,我想出了
public override object? ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object? existingValue,
JsonSerializer serializer)
{
if (reader.TokenType == JsonToken.StartObject || reader.TokenType == JsonToken.Null)
return base.ReadJson(reader, objectType, existingValue, serializer);
//if it's an array serialize it as a list of dictionaries
if (reader.TokenType == JsonToken.StartArray)
{
return serializer.Deserialize(reader, typeof(List<object>)); // instead of List<Dictionary<string, object>>
}
// if the next token is not an object
// then fall back on standard deserializer (strings, numbers etc.)
return serializer.Deserialize(reader);
}
希望它能帮助那些还没有工作的人。
首先,您需要序列化字典值。
var settings = new JsonSerializerSettings { TypeNameHandling= TypeNameHandling.All };
var serializeValues = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(nestedDictionaryValues, settings);
//After serialize using deserialize using the same TypeNameHandling.
var deserializeValues = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(serializeValues, settings);
@AlexD 和 @Phillp 之间的组合解决方案可以让您获得 JavaScriptSerializer 的原始行为,其中包括将嵌套对象反序列化为字典(String,Object)和将数组反序列化为包含字典(String,Object)的对象数组。遗憾的是 .NET 6/7/8/9 废除了该库并强制更改为 System.Text.Json。我花了一整天的时间对包含 JObject (Newtonsoft) 或 JsonElement (Microsoft) 的结果感到恼火。
使用自定义转换器,您可以处理嵌套对象和数组。此外,默认情况下,JsonSerializerSettings 会将日期/日期时间的字符串值更改为实际对象(日期)。非常烦人,因为字符串应该反序列化为字符串,而不是解释并转换为日期。但幸运的是,有一个选项可以禁用它。您必须将 DateParseHandling 应用于读取器和序列化器。
Class CustomJSONConverter : CustomCreationConverter<IDictionary<string, object>>
{
public override IDictionary<string, object> Create(Type objectType)
{
return new Dictionary<string, object>();
}
public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
{
return objectType == typeof(object) || base.CanConvert(objectType);
}
public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, Newtonsoft.Json.JsonSerializer serializer)
{
serializer.DateParseHandling = DateParseHandling.None;
reader.DateParseHandling = DateParseHandling.None;
if (reader.TokenType == JsonToken.StartObject || reader.TokenType == JsonToken.Null)
return base.ReadJson(reader, objectType, existingValue, serializer);
if (reader.TokenType == JsonToken.StartArray)
return serializer.Deserialize(reader, typeof(object[]));
return serializer.Deserialize(reader);
}
}
Class MainClass
{
private void parseJsonString(string jsonString)
{
Dictionary<string, object> dictionary = null;
dictionary = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<IDictionary<string, object>>(jsonString, new JsonConverter[] { new CustomJSONConverter() }) as Dictionary<string, object>;
if (dictionary != null)
{
parseDictionary(dictionary);
return;
}
}
private void parseDictionary(Dictionary<string, object> dictionary)
{
foreach (KeyValuePair<string, object> item in dictionary)
{
if (item.Value is Array)
//Handle Array
else
//Handle Value
}
}
}