我每隔一分钟从气象站接收降雨数据，例如：
+---------------------+----------+
| tid | regn1min |
+---------------------+----------+
| 2024-09-09 05:00:11 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:01:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:02:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:03:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:04:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:05:11 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:06:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:07:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:08:10 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:09:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:10:11 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:11:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:12:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:13:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:14:10 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:15:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:16:11 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:17:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:18:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:19:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:20:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:21:10 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:22:11 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:23:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:24:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:25:10 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:26:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:27:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:28:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:29:10 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:30:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:31:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:32:10 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:33:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:34:11 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:35:10 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:36:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:37:10 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:38:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:39:11 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:40:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:41:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:42:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:43:10 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:44:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:45:11 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:46:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:47:10 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:48:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:49:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:50:11 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:51:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:52:10 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:53:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:54:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:55:10 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:56:11 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:57:10 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:58:10 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:59:10 | 0.00 |
+---------------------+----------+
我喜欢的是一个连续的总和，它将显示 15 分钟、1 小时和 15 分钟内的降雨量，例如：
+---------------------+----------+
| tid | regn1min | regn15min | regn1h | regn24h |
+---------------------+----------+
| 2024-09-09 05:00:11 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:01:10 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:02:10 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:03:10 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:04:10 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:05:11 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:06:10 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:07:10 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:08:10 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:09:10 | 0.00 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:10:11 | 0.00 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:11:10 | 0.00 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:12:10 | 0.00 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:13:10 | 0.00 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.41 |
| 2024-09-09 05:14:10 | 0.41 | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.82 |
| 2024-09-09 05:15:10 | 0.00 | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.82 |
| 2024-09-09 05:16:11 | 0.00 | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.82 |
| 2024-09-09 05:17:10 | 0.00 | 0.82 | 0.82 | etc |
| 2024-09-09 05:18:10 | 0.00 | 0.82 | 0.82 | vvvv |
| 2024-09-09 05:19:10 | 0.00 | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:20:10 | 0.00 | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:21:10 | 0.41 | 1.23 | 1.23 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:22:11 | 0.00 | 1.23 | 1.23 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:23:10 | 0.00 | 0.82 | 1.23 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:24:10 | 0.00 | 0.82 | 1.23 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:25:10 | 0.41 | 1.23 | 1.64 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:26:10 | 0.00 | 1.23 | 1.64 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:27:10 | 0.00 | 1.23 | 1.64 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:28:10 | 0.00 | 0.82 | 1.64 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:29:10 | 0.41 | 1.23 | 2.05 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:30:10 | 0.00 | 1.23 | 2.05 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:31:10 | 0.00 | 1.23 | 2.05 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:32:10 | 0.41 | 1.64 | 2.46 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:33:10 | 0.00 | 1.64 | 2.46 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:34:11 | 0.00 | 1.64 | 2.26 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:35:10 | 0.41 | 1.64 | 2.67 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:36:10 | 0.00 | 1.64 | 2.67 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:37:10 | 0.41 | 2.05 | 3.08 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:38:10 | 0.00 | 1.64 | 3.08 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:39:11 | 0.00 | 2.05 | 3.08 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:40:10 | 0.00 | 2.05 | 3.08 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:41:10 | 0.00 | 1.64 | 3.08 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:42:10 | 0.00 | 1.64 | 3.08 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:43:10 | 0.41 | 2.05 | 3.49 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:44:10 | 0.00 | 1.64 | 3.49 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:45:11 | 0.00 | 1.64 | 3.49 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:46:10 | 0.00 | 1.23 | 3.49 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:47:10 | 0.41 | 1.64 | 3.90 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:48:10 | 0.00 | 1.23 | 3.90 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:49:10 | 0.00 | 1.23 | 3.90 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:50:11 | 0.00 | 1.23 | 3.90 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:51:10 | 0.00 | 0.82 | 3.90 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:52:10 | 0.41 | 1.23 | 4.31 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:53:10 | 0.00 | 1.23 | 4.31 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:54:10 | 0.00 | 1.23 | 4.31 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:55:10 | 0.41 | 1.64 | 4.72 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:56:11 | 0.00 | 1.64 | 4.72 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:57:10 | 0.00 | 1.64 | 4.72 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:58:10 | 0.41 | 1.64 | 5.13 | 0.00 |
| 2024-09-09 05:59:10 | 0.00 | 2.05 | 5.31 | 0.00 |
+---------------------+----------+
以上为手工计算，可能存在错误。 24小时并不完整——懒惰的我。
还没有尝试太多，因为我是 SQL 新手。
为此，您可以使用带窗框的总和。 如果您假设每分钟有一行，则对于 15 分钟的运行总计，您可以仅使用前面 14 行的范围：
select tid, regn1min,
sum(regn1min) over (order by tid rows between 14 preceding and current row) regn15min
1 小时和 24 小时也是如此。
如果您明确只想包含 15 分钟，则需要使用范围。 mariadb 仅支持按数字排序时的范围，因此您需要将时间转换为数字（距某个固定点以秒为单位的偏移量）：
select tid, regn1min,
sum(regn1min) over (order by timestampdiff(second,'2025-01-01 00:00:00',tid) range between 870 preceding and current row) regn15min
（870 秒是 14 分 30 秒，考虑到您的时间略有差异）。
在 mysql 中，您可以将范围与日期时间一起使用，例如
over (order by tid range between interval 870 second preceding and current row