我试图将一些参数传递给用作回调的函数,我该怎么做?
function tryMe (param1, param2) {
alert (param1 + " and " + param2);
}
function callbackTester (callback, param1, param2) {
callback (param1, param2);
}
callbackTester (tryMe, "hello", "goodbye");
如果你想要更通用的东西,你可以像这样使用arguments变量:
function tryMe (param1, param2) {
alert(param1 + " and " + param2);
}
function callbackTester (callback) {
callback (arguments[1], arguments[2]);
}
callbackTester (tryMe, "hello", "goodbye");
但除此之外,您的示例工作正常(可以使用arguments [0]代替测试器中的回调)
我一直在寻找相同的东西并最终得到解决方案,这里有一个简单的例子,如果有人想要通过这个。
var FA = function(data){
console.log("IN A:"+data)
FC(data,"LastName");
};
var FC = function(data,d2){
console.log("IN C:"+data,d2)
};
var FB = function(data){
console.log("IN B:"+data);
FA(data)
};
FB('FirstName')
另外发布在here的另一个问题上
让我给你一个非常简单的Node.js样式使用回调:
/**
* Function expects these arguments:
* 2 numbers and a callback function(err, result)
*/
var myTest = function(arg1, arg2, callback) {
if (typeof arg1 !== "number") {
return callback('Arg 1 is not a number!', null); // Args: 1)Error, 2)No result
}
if (typeof arg2 !== "number") {
return callback('Arg 2 is not a number!', null); // Args: 1)Error, 2)No result
}
if (arg1 === arg2) {
// Do somethign complex here..
callback(null, 'Actions ended, arg1 was equal to arg2'); // Args: 1)No error, 2)Result
} else if (arg1 > arg2) {
// Do somethign complex here..
callback(null, 'Actions ended, arg1 was > from arg2'); // Args: 1)No error, 2)Result
} else {
// Do somethign else complex here..
callback(null, 'Actions ended, arg1 was < from arg2'); // Args: 1)No error, 2)Result
}
};
/**
* Call it this way:
* Third argument is an anonymous function with 2 args for error and result
*/
myTest(3, 6, function(err, result) {
var resultElement = document.getElementById("my_result");
if (err) {
resultElement.innerHTML = 'Error! ' + err;
resultElement.style.color = "red";
//throw err; // if you want
} else {
resultElement.innerHTML = 'Result: ' + result;
resultElement.style.color = "green";
}
});
以及将呈现结果的HTML:
<div id="my_result">
Result will come here!
</div>
你可以在这里玩它:https://jsfiddle.net/q8gnvcts/ - 例如尝试传递字符串而不是数字:myTest('some string',6,function(err,result)..并查看结果。
我希望这个例子有所帮助,因为它代表了回调函数的基本概念。
function tryMe(param1, param2) {
console.log(param1 + " and " + param2);
}
function tryMe2(param1) {
console.log(param1);
}
function callbackTester(callback, ...params) {
callback(...params);
}
callbackTester(tryMe, "hello", "goodbye");
callbackTester(tryMe2, "hello");
read more关于传播语法
这也有效:
// callback function
function tryMe (param1, param2) {
alert (param1 + " and " + param2);
}
// callback executer
function callbackTester (callback) {
callback();
}
// test function
callbackTester (function() {
tryMe("hello", "goodbye");
});
另一种情景:
// callback function
function tryMe (param1, param2, param3) {
alert (param1 + " and " + param2 + " " + param3);
}
// callback executer
function callbackTester (callback) {
//this is the more obivous scenario as we use callback function
//only when we have some missing value
//get this data from ajax or compute
var extraParam = "this data was missing" ;
//call the callback when we have the data
callback(extraParam);
}
// test function
callbackTester (function(k) {
tryMe("hello", "goodbye", k);
});
你的问题不清楚。如果您正在询问如何以更简单的方式执行此操作,则应该查看ECMAScript第5版方法.bind(),它是Function.prototype的成员。使用它,你可以做这样的事情:
function tryMe (param1, param2) {
alert (param1 + " and " + param2);
}
function callbackTester (callback) {
callback();
}
callbackTester(tryMe.bind(null, "hello", "goodbye"));
您还可以使用以下代码,如果在当前浏览器中不可用,则添加该方法:
// From Prototype.js
if (!Function.prototype.bind) { // check if native implementation available
Function.prototype.bind = function(){
var fn = this, args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments),
object = args.shift();
return function(){
return fn.apply(object,
args.concat(Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments)));
};
};
}
如果你有一个回调,它将由你的代码以外的其他东西调用,并且你想要传递额外的参数,你可以传递一个包装函数作为回调,并在包装器中传递额外的参数。
function login(accessedViaPopup) {
//pass FB.login a call back function wrapper that will accept the
//response param and then call my "real" callback with the additional param
FB.login(function(response){
fb_login_callback(response,accessedViaPopup);
});
}
//handles respone from fb login call
function fb_login_callback(response, accessedViaPopup) {
//do stuff
}
如果您不确定要将多少个参数传递给回调函数。使用申请。
function tryMe (param1, param2) {
alert (param1 + " and " + param2);
}
function callbackTester(callback,params){
callback.apply(this,params);
}
callbackTester(tryMe,['hello','goodbye']);
在函数包装器中包含作为/ with with arguments传递的'child'函数,以防止在调用'parent'函数时对它们进行求值。
function outcome(){
return false;
}
function process(callbackSuccess, callbackFailure){
if ( outcome() )
callbackSuccess();
else
callbackFailure();
}
process(function(){alert("OKAY");},function(){alert("OOPS");})
来自具有任意数量参数和回调上下文的问题的代码:
function SomeFunction(name) {
this.name = name;
}
function tryMe(param1, param2) {
console.log(this.name + ": " + param1 + " and " + param2);
}
function tryMeMore(param1, param2, param3) {
console.log(this.name + ": " + param1 + " and " + param2 + " and even " + param3);
}
function callbackTester(callback, callbackContext) {
callback.apply(callbackContext, Array.prototype.splice.call(arguments, 2));
}
callbackTester(tryMe, new SomeFunction("context1"), "hello", "goodbye");
callbackTester(tryMeMore, new SomeFunction("context2"), "hello", "goodbye", "hasta la vista");
// context1: hello and goodbye
// context2: hello and goodbye and even hasta la vista
在这个简单的例子中使用curried函数。
const BTN = document.querySelector('button')
const RES = document.querySelector('p')
const changeText = newText => () => {
RES.textContent = newText
}
BTN.addEventListener('click', changeText('Clicked!'))
<button>ClickMe</button>
<p>Not clicked<p>
一个新版本的场景,其中一些其他函数调用回调,而不是您自己的代码,并且您想要添加其他参数。
例如,让我们假装您有很多嵌套调用,包含成功和错误回调。我将在这个例子中使用角度承诺,但任何带回调的javascript代码都是相同的。
someObject.doSomething(param1, function(result1) {
console.log("Got result from doSomething: " + result1);
result.doSomethingElse(param2, function(result2) {
console.log("Got result from doSomethingElse: " + result2);
}, function(error2) {
console.log("Got error from doSomethingElse: " + error2);
});
}, function(error1) {
console.log("Got error from doSomething: " + error1);
});
现在,您可能希望通过定义记录错误的函数来整理代码,保留错误的来源以进行调试。这是您重构代码的方法:
someObject.doSomething(param1, function (result1) {
console.log("Got result from doSomething: " + result1);
result.doSomethingElse(param2, function (result2) {
console.log("Got result from doSomethingElse: " + result2);
}, handleError.bind(null, "doSomethingElse"));
}, handleError.bind(null, "doSomething"));
/*
* Log errors, capturing the error of a callback and prepending an id
*/
var handleError = function (id, error) {
var id = id || "";
console.log("Got error from " + id + ": " + error);
};
调用函数仍会在回调函数参数后添加错误参数。