Docker Django MariaDB -“无法连接到‘dj1_mariadb’上的服务器”

问题描述 投票：0回答：1

这是文件夹结构：

📄 Dockerfile
📄 .env
📄 requirements.txt
📁 pr/
  📁 static/
    📄 app.js
  📄 manage.py
  📁 pr/
    📄 wsgi.py
    📄 __init__.py
    📄 urls.py
    📄 settings.py
    📄 asgi.py
📄 docker-compose.yml

这里是重要文件的内容

Dockerfile
---------
# Use an official Python runtime as a parent image
# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
FROM python:3.11

# Set environment variables
ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE 1
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1

# Install system dependencies
RUN apt-get update \
    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
       gcc \
       libmariadb-dev \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Upgrade pip
RUN pip install --upgrade pip

# Set the working directory
WORKDIR /app

# Install Python dependencies
COPY requirements.txt /app/
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt

# Copy the project code into the container
COPY ./pr /app/
# Expose the Django development server port
EXPOSE 8000

requirements.txt
---------
psycopg2>=2.8
asgiref==3.8.1
Django==5.1.1
djangorestframework==3.15.2
mysqlclient==2.2.4
python-dotenv==1.0.1
sqlparse==0.5.1
pytz==2024.2

设置.py：

....
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': os.environ.get('MYSQL_DATABASE'),
        'USER': os.environ.get('MYSQL_USER'),
        'PASSWORD': os.environ.get('MYSQL_PASSWORD'),
        'HOST': 'dj1_mariadb',
        'PORT': 3306,
    }
}
....

docker-compose.yml：

services:

  dj1_mariadb:
    image: mariadb:latest
    container_name: dj1_mariadb
    restart: always
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: myrpass
      MYSQL_DATABASE: dj1
      MYSQL_USER: ab_usr
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: mypass
    volumes:
      - ./data/mariadb:/var/lib/mysql
      # apt-get update && apt-get install -y mariadb-client
    networks:
      - app-network

  dj1_pma:
    image: phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin
    container_name: dj1_pma
    restart: always
    environment:
      PMA_HOST: dj1_mariadb
      PMA_USER: ab_usr
      PMA_PASSWORD: mypass
    ports:
      - "8080:80"
    depends_on:
      - dj1_mariadb
    networks:
      - app-network


  dj1_web:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    container_name: dj1_web
    command: >
      sh -c "python3 manage.py collectstatic --noinput && python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000"
    volumes:
      - ./pr:/app
      - ./pr/static:/app/static
    ports:
      - "8000:8000"
    environment:
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=dj1
      - MYSQL_USER=ab_usr
      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=mypass
    depends_on:
      - dj1_mariadb
    networks:
      - app-network

networks:
  app-network:
    driver: bridge

有人可以帮助我吗？ http://localhost:8080/ 效果很好。但是docker django无法连接到数据库：

my@host:~/dj1$ docker-compose run dj1_web python3 manage.py inspectdb
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 279, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 256, in connect
    self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
                      ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 256, in get_new_connection
    connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 121, in Connect
    return Connection(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 195, in __init__
    super().__init__(*args, **kwargs2)
MySQLdb.OperationalError: (2002, "Can't connect to server on 'dj1_mariadb' (115)")

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/app/manage.py", line 22, in <module>
    main()
  File "/app/manage.py", line 18, in main
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 442, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 436, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 413, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 459, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/inspectdb.py", line 47, in handle
    for line in self.handle_inspection(options):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/inspectdb.py", line 60, in handle_inspection
    with connection.cursor() as cursor:
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 320, in cursor
    return self._cursor()
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 296, in _cursor
    self.ensure_connection()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 278, in ensure_connection
    with self.wrap_database_errors:
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 91, in __exit__
    raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 279, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 256, in connect
    self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
                      ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 256, in get_new_connection
    connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 121, in Connect
    return Connection(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 195, in __init__
    super().__init__(*args, **kwargs2)
django.db.utils.OperationalError: (2002, "Can't connect to server on 'dj1_mariadb' (115)")
django docker docker-compose mariadb
1个回答
0
投票

depends_on
关系仅需要启动依赖项，但不需要准备好，因为“无法连接到服务器”会在您的情况下指示。

方法是使用 MariaDB healthcheck.sh 脚本。

services:

  dj1_mariadb:
    image: mariadb:latest
    container_name: dj1_mariadb
    restart: always
    environment:
      MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD: myrpass
      MARIADB_DATABASE: dj1
      MARIADB_USER: ab_usr
      MARIADB_PASSWORD: mypass
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "healthcheck.sh", "--connect", "--innodb_initialized"]
      start_period: 10s
      interval: 10s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 3
    volumes:
      - ./data/mariadb:/var/lib/mysql

  dj1_pma:
...
    depends_on:
      dj1_mariadb:
        condition: service_healthy

  dj1_web:
       ...
    depends_on:
      dj1_mariadb:
        condition: service_healthy

如果不是这种情况，请查看 

dj1_mariadb
上的日志以了解其未启动的原因。另请参阅常见问题解答。

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