在类库中使用WebBrowser进行Web抓取

问题描述 投票:3回答:1

我需要在类库中创建一个方法来获取URL的内容(可以通过JavaScript动态填充)。

我一无所知,但谷歌搜索了一整天这是我想出的:(大部分代码来自here

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading;
using System.Windows.Forms;

public static class WebScraper
{
    [STAThread]
    public async static Task<string> LoadDynamicPage(string url, CancellationToken token)
    {
        using (WebBrowser webBrowser = new WebBrowser())
        {
            // Navigate and await DocumentCompleted
            var tcs = new TaskCompletionSource<bool>();
            WebBrowserDocumentCompletedEventHandler onDocumentComplete = (s, arg) => tcs.TrySetResult(true);

            using (token.Register(() => tcs.TrySetCanceled(), useSynchronizationContext: true))
            {
                webBrowser.DocumentCompleted += onDocumentComplete;
                try
                {
                    webBrowser.Navigate(url);
                    await tcs.Task; // wait for DocumentCompleted
                }
                finally
                {
                    webBrowser.DocumentCompleted -= onDocumentComplete;
                }
            }

            // get the root element
            var documentElement = webBrowser.Document.GetElementsByTagName("html")[0];

            // poll the current HTML for changes asynchronosly
            var html = documentElement.OuterHtml;
            while (true)
            {
                // wait asynchronously, this will throw if cancellation requested
                await Task.Delay(500, token);

                // continue polling if the WebBrowser is still busy
                if (webBrowser.IsBusy)
                    continue;

                var htmlNow = documentElement.OuterHtml;
                if (html == htmlNow)
                    break; // no changes detected, end the poll loop

                html = htmlNow;
            }

            // consider the page fully rendered 
            token.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
            return html;
        }
    }
}

它目前抛出此错误

ActiveX控件'8856f961-340a-11d0-a96b-00c04fd705a2'无法实例化,因为当前线程不在单线程单元中。

我接近了吗?上面有解决方法吗?

或者如果我不在轨道上,是否有一个现成的解决方案来使用.NET获取动态Web内容(可以从类库中调用)?

c# .net web-scraping
1个回答
2
投票

这是我在Web应用程序中测试并正常工作的内容。

它在另一个线程中使用WebBrowser控件并返回一个Task<string>包含,当浏览器内容完全加载时完成:

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading;
using System.Windows.Forms;
public class BrowserBasedWebScraper
{
    public static Task<string> LoadUrl(string url)
    {
        var tcs = new TaskCompletionSource<string>();
        Thread thread = new Thread(() => {
            try {
                Func<string> f = () => {
                    using (WebBrowser browser = new WebBrowser())
                    {
                        browser.ScriptErrorsSuppressed = true;
                        browser.Navigate(url);
                        while (browser.ReadyState != WebBrowserReadyState.Complete)
                        {
                            System.Windows.Forms.Application.DoEvents();
                        }
                        return browser.DocumentText;
                    }
                };
                tcs.SetResult(f());
            }
            catch (Exception e) {
                tcs.SetException(e);
            }
        });
        thread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);
        thread.IsBackground = true;
        thread.Start();
        return tcs.Task;
    }
}
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