我正在制作带有2个表面的matplotlib的3d绘图(参见下面的示例)。到目前为止,两个表面都有自己的色彩图,底部为蓝色,顶部为黄色。
但是,我想要两个表面都有一个颜色图,即底部是蓝色,顶部是黄色,两个表面的触点都是绿色。
我怎样才能做到这一点?在绘图之前是否需要以某种方式组合两个表面,或者我是否需要限制两个表面的颜色图(从蓝色到绿色,从绿色到黄色从上到下)?
谢谢你的帮助。
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d
from matplotlib import cm
ky = np.linspace(-np.pi*2/3,np.pi*2/3,100)
kz = np.linspace(-np.pi*2/3,np.pi*2/3,100)
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
KY, KZ = np.meshgrid(ky, kz)
E = np.cos(KY)*np.cos(KZ)
ax.plot_surface(KY, KZ, E-1, rstride=1, cstride=1, cmap=cm.viridis) #surface 1
ax.plot_surface(KY, KZ, -E+1, rstride=1, cstride=1, cmap=cm.viridis) #surface 2
ax.view_init(elev=7, azim=-69)
plt.show()
您可以为色彩图显式设置vmin
和vmax
以强制颜色范围。
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d
from matplotlib import cm
ky = np.linspace(-np.pi*2/3,np.pi*2/3,100)
kz = np.linspace(-np.pi*2/3,np.pi*2/3,100)
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
KY, KZ = np.meshgrid(ky, kz)
E = np.cos(KY)*np.cos(KZ)
ax.plot_surface(KY, KZ, E-1, rstride=1, cstride=1, cmap=cm.viridis, vmin=-2, vmax=2) #surface 1
ax.plot_surface(KY, KZ, -E+1, rstride=1, cstride=1, cmap=cm.viridis, vmin=-2, vmax=2) #surface 2
ax.view_init(elev=7, azim=-69)
plt.show()
要使范围与两个曲面中的实际Z值紧密相关,可以使用
vmin=np.amin(E-1), vmax=np.amax(-E+1)
您还可以通过定义自己的颜色贴图来创建此效果,颜色贴图从顶部的黄色到绿色,从底部的绿色到蓝色。
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d
from matplotlib import cm
from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap
ky = np.linspace(-np.pi*2/3,np.pi*2/3,100)
kz = np.linspace(-np.pi*2/3,np.pi*2/3,100)
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
KY, KZ = np.meshgrid(ky, kz)
E = np.cos(KY)*np.cos(KZ)
viridis = cm.get_cmap('viridis', 512)
topcolors = viridis(np.linspace(0.5, 1, 256))
topcm = ListedColormap(topcolors)
bottomcolors = viridis(np.linspace(0, 0.5, 256))
bottomcm = ListedColormap(bottomcolors)
ax.plot_surface(KY, KZ, E-1, rstride=1, cstride=1, cmap=bottomcm) #surface 1
ax.plot_surface(KY, KZ, -E+1, rstride=1, cstride=1, cmap=topcm) #surface 2
ax.view_init(elev=7, azim=-69)
plt.show()