优化 PowerShell 脚本以进行远程执行和并行处理

问题描述 投票：0回答：1

我有一个 PowerShell 脚本，可以在多个服务器上远程执行脚本。该脚本检查每个服务器上是否存在特定脚本，如果存在，则远程调用该脚本。我想优化脚本的性能和内存使用情况，特别是在处理大量服务器时。以下是我当前使用的代码。

代码部分说明：

  1. 服务器列表和初始化：
    服务器列表 (

    $servers
    ) 在脚本的开头定义。它保存将执行脚本的远程服务器的名称或 IP 地址。我们还初始化了几个变量，例如 
    $results
    来存储结果，
    $missingScriptServers
    用于缺少脚本的服务器，以及成功和失败的计数器（
    $successCount
    和 
    $failureCount
    ）。

  2. 检查脚本是否存在：
    函数 

    Check-ScriptExists
    检查每个远程服务器上是否存在指定的脚本 (
    $scriptPath
    )。它使用 PowerShell 远程处理（
    New-PSSession
    和 
    Invoke-Command
    ）来检查远程服务器上是否存在脚本文件。如果脚本存在，函数返回
    $true
    ；否则，返回 
    $false
    。

  3. 远程调用脚本：

    Invoke-ScriptOnServer
    函数负责在服务器上远程执行脚本。如果脚本存在，该函数将使用 
    Invoke-Command
    执行它。如果执行过程中出现错误，则返回
    1
    表示失败。

  4. 远程命令并行执行：
    该脚本检查列表中的每个服务器。对于存在脚本的服务器，它使用 

    Start-Job
    创建后台作业。这允许脚本在多个服务器上并行调用远程脚本，从而无需等待每个服务器完成后再转到下一个服务器，从而提高了性能。

  5. 收集和显示结果：
    启动远程执行作业后，脚本使用 

    Wait-Job
    等待每个作业完成，并使用 
    Receive-Job
    检索结果。然后，它会使用 
    Remove-Job
    删除作业以释放资源。结果存储在 
    $results
    中，成功和失败计数相应更新。最后，脚本以表格格式输出结果并显示成功/失败计数。

    # Define the list of server names or IP addresses
$servers = @(
    "server1",
    "server2",
    "server3"
    # Add more servers as needed
)

# Path to the script on the servers
$scriptPath = "D:\your_script.ps1"

# Initialize arrays to hold result objects and counts for success and failure
$results = @()
$missingScriptServers = @()
$successCount = 0
$failureCount = 0

# Function to check if the script exists on the server
function Check-ScriptExists {
    param (
        [string]$Server,
        [string]$ScriptPath
    )
    try {
        $session = New-PSSession -ComputerName $Server
        $exists = Invoke-Command -Session $session -ScriptBlock {
            param($ScriptPath)
            Test-Path -Path $ScriptPath
        } -ArgumentList $ScriptPath
        Remove-PSSession -Session $session
        return $exists
    } catch {
        return $false
    }
}

# Function to invoke the script on a remote server
function Invoke-ScriptOnServer {
    param (
        [string]$Server,
        [string]$ScriptPath
    )
    try {
        $session = New-PSSession -ComputerName $Server
        $response = Invoke-Command -Session $session -ScriptBlock {
            param($ScriptPath)
            & $ScriptPath
            return $LASTEXITCODE
        } -ArgumentList $ScriptPath
        Remove-PSSession -Session $session
        return $response
    } catch {
        return 1  # Return failure exit code in case of error
    }
}

# Check for script existence and start jobs in parallel
$jobs = @()
foreach ($server in $servers) {
    $scriptExists = Check-ScriptExists -Server $server -ScriptPath $scriptPath
    if ($scriptExists) {
        $jobs += Start-Job -ScriptBlock {
            param($server, $scriptPath)
            Invoke-ScriptOnServer -Server $server -ScriptPath $scriptPath
        } -ArgumentList $server, $scriptPath
    } else {
        $missingScriptServers += $server
    }
}

# Wait for all jobs to complete and collect results
foreach ($job in $jobs) {
    $job | Wait-Job
    $response = $job | Receive-Job
    $job | Remove-Job

    # Update success/failure count based on the response code
    if ($response -eq 0) {
        $successCount++
    } else {
        $failureCount++
    }
    $results += [pscustomobject]@{ Server = $server; Response = $response }
}

# Display the results in a table format  
$results | Format-Table -AutoSize

# Display the success and failure counts
Write-Output "Number of servers succeeded: $successCount"
Write-Output "Number of servers failed: $failureCount"

# Display the servers where the script is missing
if ($missingScriptServers.Count -gt 0) {
    Write-Output "The script is missing on the following servers:"
    $missingScriptServers | Format-Table -AutoSize
} else {
    Write-Output "The script is available on all specified servers."
}
# Define the list of server names or IP addresses
$servers = @(
    "server1",
    "server2",
    "server3"
    # Add more servers as needed
)

# Path to the script on the servers
$scriptPath = "D:\your_script.ps1"

# Initialize arrays to hold result objects and counts for success and failure
$results = @()
$missingScriptServers = @()
$successCount = 0
$failureCount = 0

# Function to check if the script exists on the server
function Check-ScriptExists {
    param (
        [string]$Server,
        [string]$ScriptPath
    )
    try {
        $session = New-PSSession -ComputerName $Server
        $exists = Invoke-Command -Session $session -ScriptBlock {
            param($ScriptPath)
            Test-Path -Path $ScriptPath
        } -ArgumentList $ScriptPath
        Remove-PSSession -Session $session
        return $exists
    } catch {
        return $false
    }
}

# Function to invoke the script on a remote server
function Invoke-ScriptOnServer {
    param (
        [string]$Server,
        [string]$ScriptPath
    )
    try {
        $session = New-PSSession -ComputerName $Server
        $response = Invoke-Command -Session $session -ScriptBlock {
            param($ScriptPath)
            & $ScriptPath
            return $LASTEXITCODE
        } -ArgumentList $ScriptPath
        Remove-PSSession -Session $session
        return $response
    } catch {
        return 1  # Return failure exit code in case of error
    }
}

# Check for script existence and start jobs in parallel
$jobs = @()
foreach ($server in $servers) {
    $scriptExists = Check-ScriptExists -Server $server -ScriptPath $scriptPath
    if ($scriptExists) {
        $jobs += Start-Job -ScriptBlock {
            param($server, $scriptPath)
            Invoke-ScriptOnServer -Server $server -ScriptPath $scriptPath
        } -ArgumentList $server, $scriptPath
    } else {
        $missingScriptServers += $server
    }
}

# Wait for all jobs to complete and collect results
foreach ($job in $jobs) {
    $job | Wait-Job
    $response = $job | Receive-Job
    $job | Remove-Job

    # Update success/failure count based on the response code
    if ($response -eq 0) {
        $successCount++
    } else {
        $failureCount++
    }
    $results += [pscustomobject]@{ Server = $server; Response = $response }
}

# Display the results in a table format  
$results | Format-Table -AutoSize

# Display the success and failure counts
Write-Output "Number of servers succeeded: $successCount"
Write-Output "Number of servers failed: $failureCount"

# Display the servers where the script is missing
if ($missingScriptServers.Count -gt 0) {
    Write-Output "The script is missing on the following servers:"
    $missingScriptServers | Format-Table -AutoSize
} else {
    Write-Output "The script is available on all specified servers."
}
powershell optimization parallel-processing scripting execution
1个回答
0
投票

作为一般规则，避免使用 

+=

Invoke-Command
已经并行运行。此外，无需检查脚本是否作为单独的调用存在，只需尝试运行它并解析输出即可。也可以使用
Invoke-Command -FilePath
直接用命令执行脚本

# Define the list of server names or IP addresses
$servers = @(
    "server1",
    "server2",
    "server3"
    # Add more servers as needed
)

# Path to the script on the servers
$scriptPath = "D:\your_script.ps1"


$icmParams = @{
    ComputerName = $servers
    FilePath = $scriptPath
}
$results = Invoke-Command @icmParams

# Format, filter, and display the $results to your liking
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