我在 Debian 12 机器上搞砸了驱动程序安装，曾经能够运行 Ollama 和 ComfyUI，但出现 python 错误：
用户警告：CUDA 初始化：CUDA 未知错误 - 这可能是由于环境设置不正确，例如程序启动后更改环境变量 CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES。将可用设备设置为零。
我想我已经将范围缩小到 CUDA 和驱动程序版本，但似乎无法修复
我尝试了很多事情，包括以 root 身份运行、以普通用户身份运行、设置 CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 和 3080 的 UUID，以及许多版本升级/降级。
可能有帮助的故障排除诊断：
# python3 -m torch.utils.collect_env
<frozen runpy>:128: RuntimeWarning: 'torch.utils.collect_env' found in sys.modules after import of package 'torch.utils', but prior to execution of 'torch.utils.collect_env'; this may result in unpredictable behaviour
Collecting environment information...
/mnt/aiNVMe/ai/ComfyUI/venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch/cuda/__init__.py:129: UserWarning: CUDA initialization: CUDA unknown error - this may be due to an incorrectly set up environment, e.g. changing env variable CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES after program start. Setting the available devices to be zero. (Triggered internally at ../c10/cuda/CUDAFunctions.cpp:108.)
return torch._C._cuda_getDeviceCount() > 0
PyTorch version: 2.5.1+cu124
Is debug build: False
CUDA used to build PyTorch: 12.4
ROCM used to build PyTorch: N/A
OS: Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm) (x86_64)
GCC version: (Debian 12.2.0-14) 12.2.0
Clang version: Could not collect
CMake version: Could not collect
Libc version: glibc-2.36
Python version: 3.11.2 (main, May 2 2024, 11:59:08) [GCC 12.2.0] (64-bit runtime)
Python platform: Linux-6.1.0-23-amd64-x86_64-with-glibc2.36
Is CUDA available: False
CUDA runtime version: 11.8.89
CUDA_MODULE_LOADING set to: N/A
GPU models and configuration: GPU 0: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3080 Ti
Nvidia driver version: 560.35.03
cuDNN version: Could not collect
HIP runtime version: N/A
MIOpen runtime version: N/A
Is XNNPACK available: True
CPU:
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Address sizes: 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 12
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-11
Vendor ID: AuthenticAMD
BIOS Vendor ID: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
Model name: AMD Ryzen 5 3600 6-Core Processor
BIOS Model name: AMD Ryzen 5 3600 6-Core Processor Unknown CPU @ 3.6GHz
BIOS CPU family: 107
CPU family: 23
Model: 113
Thread(s) per core: 2
Core(s) per socket: 6
Socket(s): 1
Stepping: 0
Frequency boost: enabled
CPU(s) scaling MHz: 94%
CPU max MHz: 4208.2031
CPU min MHz: 2200.0000
BogoMIPS: 7200.16
Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl nonstop_tsc cpuid extd_apicid aperfmperf rapl pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw ibs skinit wdt tce topoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb bpext perfctr_llc mwaitx cpb cat_l3 cdp_l3 hw_pstate ssbd mba ibpb stibp vmmcall fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 cqm rdt_a rdseed adx smap clflushopt clwb sha_ni xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 cqm_llc cqm_occup_llc cqm_mbm_total cqm_mbm_local clzero irperf xsaveerptr rdpru wbnoinvd arat npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold avic v_vmsave_vmload vgif v_spec_ctrl umip rdpid overflow_recov succor smca sev sev_es
Virtualization: AMD-V
L1d cache: 192 KiB (6 instances)
L1i cache: 192 KiB (6 instances)
L2 cache: 3 MiB (6 instances)
L3 cache: 32 MiB (2 instances)
NUMA node(s): 1
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-11
Vulnerability Gather data sampling: Not affected
Vulnerability Itlb multihit: Not affected
Vulnerability L1tf: Not affected
Vulnerability Mds: Not affected
Vulnerability Meltdown: Not affected
Vulnerability Mmio stale data: Not affected
Vulnerability Reg file data sampling: Not affected
Vulnerability Retbleed: Mitigation; untrained return thunk; SMT enabled with STIBP protection
Vulnerability Spec rstack overflow: Mitigation; safe RET
Vulnerability Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl
Vulnerability Spectre v1: Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization
Vulnerability Spectre v2: Mitigation; Retpolines; IBPB conditional; STIBP always-on; RSB filling; PBRSB-eIBRS Not affected; BHI Not affected
Vulnerability Srbds: Not affected
Vulnerability Tsx async abort: Not affected
Versions of relevant libraries:
[pip3] numpy==2.2.0
[pip3] torch==2.5.1
[pip3] torchaudio==2.5.1
[pip3] torchvision==0.20.1
[pip3] triton==3.1.0
[conda] Could not collect
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 560.35.03 Driver Version: 560.35.03 CUDA Version: 12.6 |
|-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+
| GPU Name Persistence-M | Bus-Id Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan Temp Perf Pwr:Usage/Cap | Memory-Usage | GPU-Util Compute M. |
| | | MIG M. |
|=========================================+========================+======================|
| 0 NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3080 Ti Off | 00000000:09:00.0 On | N/A |
| 34% 55C P8 26W / 350W | 81MiB / 12288MiB | 2% Default |
| | | N/A |
+-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes: |
| GPU GI CI PID Type Process name GPU Memory |
| ID ID Usage |
|=========================================================================================|
| 0 N/A N/A 1627 G /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg 70MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
# pip list pytorch
Package Version
------------------------ ----------
filelock 3.16.1
fsspec 2024.10.0
Jinja2 3.1.4
MarkupSafe 3.0.2
mpmath 1.3.0
networkx 3.4.2
numpy 2.2.0
nvidia-cublas-cu12 12.4.5.8
nvidia-cuda-cupti-cu12 12.4.127
nvidia-cuda-nvrtc-cu12 12.4.127
nvidia-cuda-runtime-cu12 12.4.127
nvidia-cudnn-cu12 9.1.0.70
nvidia-cufft-cu12 11.2.1.3
nvidia-curand-cu12 10.3.5.147
nvidia-cusolver-cu12 11.6.1.9
nvidia-cusparse-cu12 12.3.1.170
nvidia-nccl-cu12 2.21.5
nvidia-nvjitlink-cu12 12.4.127
nvidia-nvtx-cu12 12.4.127
pillow 11.0.0
pip 23.0.1
setuptools 66.1.1
sympy 1.13.1
torch 2.5.1
torchaudio 2.5.1
torchvision 0.20.1
triton 3.1.0
typing_extensions 4.12.2
我做到了
dpkg -l | grep nvidia
dpkg -l | grep nvidia-driver
获取 nvidia 相关驱动程序列表。一一做到了
apt purge [packagename]
（有时必须更改要删除的包的顺序）
然后就做了
apt autoclean
apt autoremove
...清理任何悬而未决的依赖项
重跑
dpkg -l | grep nvidia
dpkg -l | grep nvidia-driver
确保列表为空，然后重新启动，然后执行
https://wiki.debian.org/NvidiaGraphicsDrivers#Version_535.183.01-1
重新安装驱动程序。
然后全新安装 comfyUI
一切似乎又恢复正常了。