运行时错误 1004 - 表的工作表数据需要与表位于同一工作表上；发生的情况取决于它的执行位置

Question

我有一个代码在一个地方运行良好，但在另一个地方则不然。通常，它是一个宏，当您单击按钮时执行，然后执行各种其他操作：它打开另一个文件，执行一些 PowerQuery 操作，然后再次关闭它。

当我尝试将此代码作为 Sub Workbook_Open 放入 ThisWorkBook 中时，它会给我运行时错误。我尝试单独调用这段代码，它一直有效；只是在打开时执行时不会。我尝试在执行之前放置一个计时器，让它“稳定下来”。

这可能是什么原因造成的？

失败的行似乎是这一行：

*ActiveWorkbook.Queries.Add Name:="Liste_All_Masques", Formula:= _*

Public type_reception As String
Public Backup As String
Public Layer_critique As String
Public Masks_backup As String
Public Nom_layer_critique As String
Public Compteur As Integer
Public Statut_mask As String
Public Maskset As String
Public State_Name As String
Public Cinq_digit As String
Public Deux_digit As String

Private Sub Workbook_Open()

Application.ScreenUpdating = False

'On efface l'ancien résultat de repell form
Sheets("Ancien repell form").Activate
Sheets("Repell form").Visible = True
Call Nettoyage_repell_form

Sheets("Repell form").Activate
Range("C2:C30").Clear

type_reception = ""
Backup = ""
Layer_critique = ""
Nom_layer_critique = ""
Compteur = 0
Statut_mask = ""
Maskset = ""
State_Name = ""

'Don't show confirmation window
'Application.DisplayAlerts = False

    aFile = "W:\Ateliers\PHOTO\Masks\Reports_TGV_IRETICLE\Liste_All_Masques.xlsx"
    If Len(Dir$(aFile)) > 0 Then
        Kill aFile
    End If

    'Ouverture du fichier CSV
    Workbooks.Open ("W:\Ateliers\PHOTO\Masks\Reports_TGV_IRETICLE\Liste_All_Masques.CSV")
    Set All_masque = ActiveWorkbook
    'Workbooks(“Liste_All_Masques.CSV”).Activate

        ActiveWorkbook.Queries.Add Name:="Liste_All_Masques", Formula:= _
        "let" & Chr(13) & "" & Chr(10) & "    Source = Csv.Document(File.Contents(""W:\Ateliers\PHOTO\Masks\TPP_Mask\Florent\07 - Macro Renvoi-réception\Tests CSV\Liste_All_Masques.CSV""),[Delimiter=""#(tab)"", Columns=18, Encoding=1252, QuoteStyle=QuoteStyle.None])," & Chr(13) & "" & Chr(10) & "    #""Promoted Headers"" = Table.PromoteHeaders(Source, [PromoteAllScalars=true])," & Chr(13) & "" & Chr(10) & "    #""Changed Type"" = Table.TransformColumnTypes(#""Pr" & _
        "omoted Headers"",
REDACTED DATA
" & Chr(13) & "" & Chr(10) & "in" & Chr(13) & "" & Chr(10) & "    #""Reordered Columns"""
    ActiveWorkbook.Worksheets.Add
    With ActiveSheet.ListObjects.Add(SourceType:=0, Source:="OLEDB;Provider=Microsoft.Mashup.OleDb.1;Data Source=$Workbook$;Location=Liste_All_Masques;Extended Properties=""""", Destination:=Range("$A$1")).QueryTable
        .CommandType = xlCmdSql
        .CommandText = Array("SELECT * FROM [Liste_All_Masques]")
        .RowNumbers = False
        .FillAdjacentFormulas = False
        .PreserveFormatting = True
        .RefreshOnFileOpen = False
        .BackgroundQuery = True
        .RefreshStyle = xlInsertDeleteCells
        .SavePassword = False
        .SaveData = True
        .AdjustColumnWidth = True
        .RefreshPeriod = 0
        .PreserveColumnInfo = True
        .ListObject.DisplayName = "Liste_All_Masques"
        .Refresh BackgroundQuery:=False
    End With
    
    'Renommage et suppression des Feuilles
    Sheets("Sheet1").Select
    Sheets("Sheet1").Name = "Rapport 1"
    Columns("A:A").Select
    Selection.Insert Shift:=xlToRight, CopyOrigin:=xlFormatFromLeftOrAbove
    Rows("1:1").Select
    Selection.Insert Shift:=xlDown, CopyOrigin:=xlFormatFromLeftOrAbove
    Selection.Insert Shift:=xlDown, CopyOrigin:=xlFormatFromLeftOrAbove
    Selection.Insert Shift:=xlDown, CopyOrigin:=xlFormatFromLeftOrAbove
    'Sheets("Liste_All_Masques").Select
    'ActiveWindow.SelectedSheets.Delete
    
    'Sauvegarde du fichier en format .xlsx
    ActiveWorkbook.SaveAs FileName:= _
        "W:\Ateliers\PHOTO\Masks\Reports_TGV_IRETICLE\Liste_All_Masques.xlsx" _
        , FileFormat:=xlOpenXMLWorkbook, CreateBackup:=False

'Sauvegarde du fichier sans afficher la fenêtre de confirmation
ActiveWorkbook.Close savechanges:=True

'Allow confirmation windows to appear as normal
Application.DisplayAlerts = True

Application.ScreenUpdating = True

Msgbox "Update fait"

End Sub

Answer 1

出现此问题的原因可能是，当 Workbook_Open 事件触发时，Excel 中的某些对象和进程未完全初始化。具体来说，在工作簿打开时添加 Power Query 查询（如 ActiveWorkbook.Queries.Add）可能会导致 Excel 行为不可预测，因为某些依赖项或加载项完全加载可能为时过早。

以下是一些有助于解决此问题的调整：

在工作簿打开后添加延迟：如果您还没有尝试过此操作，请在工作簿打开后引入延迟。尝试在添加查询之前延迟的这个版本的代码：

Private Sub Workbook_Open()
    Application.OnTime Now + TimeValue("00:00:02"), "RunAfterOpen"
End Sub

Private Sub RunAfterOpen()
    ' Place the entire Workbook_Open code here...
End Sub

在 Power Query 设置中禁用后台刷新：由于 Workbook_Open 中的 Power Queries 可能会导致冲突，因此设置 .BackgroundQuery = False （您已经拥有）。这可能会减少与时间相关的问题。

使用DoEvents：在添加查询之前，插入DoEvents以让Excel完成任何挂起的操作。例如，在添加查询的行之前添加 DoEvents：

DoEvents
ActiveWorkbook.Queries.Add Name:="Liste_All_Masques", Formula:= _
"let" & Chr(13) & ...