如何将特定链接存储为列表，然后单击它们

Question

我一直在关注如何网页抓取网页http://kanview.ks.gov/PayRates/PayRates_Agency.aspx的教程。可以在这里找到turorial：https://medium.freecodecamp.org/better-web-scraping-in-python-with-selenium-beautiful-soup-and-pandas-d6390592e251。这个布局类似于我想要获取信息的网站：https://www.giiresearch.com/topics/TL11.shtml。我唯一的问题是giiresearch网站上关于报告标题的链接不符合时间顺序，例如。以下是来自gii的研究

a href="/report/an806147-fixed-mobile-convergence-from-challenger-operators.html">Fixed-Mobile Convergence from Challenger Operators: Case Studies and Analysis</a>

a href="/annual/an378138-convergence-strategies.html">Convergence Strategies</a>

kanview网站上的链接遵循订单，例如。

a id="MainContent_uxLevel2_JobTitles_uxJobTitleBtn_1" href="javascript:__doPostBack('ctl00$MainContent$uxLevel2_JobTitles$ctl03$uxJobTitleBtn','')">Academic Advisor</a

a id="MainContent_uxLevel2_JobTitles_uxJobTitleBtn_2" href="javascript:__doPostBack('ctl00$MainContent$uxLevel2_JobTitles$ctl04$uxJobTitleBtn','')">Academic Program Specialist</a>

这意味着我不能在我们的项目中使用他们的代码行中使用的方法：

python_button = driver.find_element_by_id('MainContent_uxLevel2_JobTitles_uxJobTitleBtn_' + str(x))

我试过find_elements_by_class_name但是所有的链接都有相同的类名“list title”，所以for循环只打开第一个链接而不再继续。

我当时认为应该有一种方法将报告标题链接存储在列表中，以便我可以逐个打开它们以检索有关每个报告的更多信息并将其保存在Excel工作表中。

这是一个项目，我想编制一份竞争对手报告的excel表，其中包括关于其标题，价格，出版商，发布日期等的统计数据，以进行市场分析。

继承我的代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import re
import pandas as pd
from tabulate import tabulate
import os

#launch url
url = "https://www.giiresearch.com/topics/TL11.shtml"

# create a new Chrome session
driver = webdriver.Chrome(ChromeDriverManager().install())
driver.implicitly_wait(30)
driver.get(url)

#Selenium hands the page source to Beautiful Soup
soup_level1=BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source, 'lxml')


datalist = [] #empty list
x = 0 #counter

#Beautiful Soup finds all Job Title links on the agency page and the loop begins
for link in soup_level1.find_all("div", {"class": "list_title"}):

    #Selenium visits each Job Title page
    python_button = driver.find_elements_by_class_name('list_title')
    python_button.click() #click link

    #Selenium hands of the source of the specific job page to Beautiful Soup
    soup_level2=BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source, 'lxml')

    #Beautiful Soup grabs the HTML table on the page
    table = soup_level2.find_all('table')[0]

    #Giving the HTML table to pandas to put in a dataframe object
    df = pd.read_html(str(table),header=0)

    #Store the dataframe in a list
    datalist.append(df[0])

    #Ask Selenium to click the back button
    driver.execute_script("window.history.go(-1)")

    #increment the counter variable before starting the loop over
    x += 1

    #end loop block

#loop has completed

#end the Selenium browser session
driver.quit()

#combine all pandas dataframes in the list into one big dataframe
result = pd.concat([pd.DataFrame(datalist[i]) for i in range(len(datalist))],ignore_index=True)

#convert the pandas dataframe to JSON
json_records = result.to_json(orient='records')

#pretty print to CLI with tabulate
#converts to an ascii table
print(tabulate(result, headers=["Report Title","Publisher","Published Date","Price"],tablefmt='psql'))

#get current working directory
path = os.getcwd()

#open, write, and close the file
f = open(path + "\\fhsu_payroll_data.json","w") #FHSU
f.write(json_records)
f.close()

Answer 1

您可以使用子a标记元素与css选择器中的父类的关系来存储报告标题链接。虽然你可以从访问过的页面中获取标题，但你也可以在列表中理解[(link.get_attribute('href') , link.text) for link in .......中的元组然后解压缩到可以循环的单独元组中。

码：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

url = 'https://www.giiresearch.com/topics/TL11.shtml'
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get(url)
titles, links = zip(*[(link.text, link.get_attribute('href')) for link in WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.presence_of_all_elements_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".list_title a")))]) #separate tuples
dates = [item.text for item in driver.find_elements_by_css_selector('.plist_dateinfo .plist_info_dd2')]
data = list(zip(dates, titles, links))

然后你可以循环links元组和driver.get每个人。

如果您想要做任何其他事情，您有标题和日期信息。例如：

print(data[3])

给

('January 30, 2019', 'Global Telco Converged Plans & Bundles Insights 2019: A Look at Bundling Strategies from Around the World', 'https://www.giiresearch.com/report/wise780587-global-telco-converged-plans-bundles-insights-look.html')