QGraphicsScene 未出现在窗口左上角

问题描述 投票:0回答:1

我已经有了这个非常基本的绘图代码,基于如何在 QGraphicsView 中绘制折线(“开放多边形”),但我不明白为什么绘图没有出现在左上角。我想:

scene = QGraphicsScene(0,0, self.width, self.height) #/10443894/

应该够了。但这似乎不起作用。有人可以指出我需要改变什么才能使情节到达正确的位置。 非常感谢。

#!/usr/bin/python3
#
from PyQt5.QtGui import QColor,  QFont, QPainter, QPainterPath, QPainterPathStroker, QPen, QPolygonF ####NEW
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QPointF
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QGraphicsScene, QGraphicsPathItem, QGraphicsView, QMainWindow
import sys
class plot(QMainWindow):
#
    def plot_parameters(self, data, width, height):
        len_data = len(data)
# pixel_ratio changes the raw data x-value to a screen x-value
        pixel_ratio_x = width/len_data # transform ratio for x-axis
        min_y = min(data)
        max_y = max(data)
# pixel_ratio changes the raw data y-value to a screen y-value
        pixel_ratio_y = height/(max_y-min_y)
        return pixel_ratio_x, pixel_ratio_y, min_y, max_y, len_data
#
    def y_axis_data(self, min_y, max_y):
# Y labels - a plotdata must be >= 0 - TODO
        y_labels = [max_y]
        yl_increment='1' # label increment
        lenlblvalue=len(str(int(min_y))) # label length
        if min_y>0.0:
            lenlblvalue=len(str(int(max_y)))
            min_y=0.0
        yunit=len(str(max(int(max_y), abs(int(min_y)))))-1 # maximum units of y values
        for i in range(0, yunit): # create increment
            yl_increment+='0'
        lblvalue=int((int(str(max_y)[0])+1)*int(yl_increment))# first lblvalue
        yl_increment=int(yl_increment)*.25
        while lblvalue>=max_y:
            lblvalue-=yl_increment
        while (lblvalue>min_y and lblvalue<max_y): #draw value labels and lines
            lblvalue -= yl_increment
            y_labels.append(lblvalue)
# y axis line tick marks
        return y_labels,yl_increment

    def plot_decoration(self, scene, data, min_y, max_y, width, height):
# create a y-axis with tick marks, labels and lines
        pen = QPen(Qt.gray, 0.5)
# calculate the y-axis line positions
        y_labels,yl_increment = self.y_axis_data(min_y, max_y)
# initial line position on y-axis
        y_position = 0
# add a tick mark and label at y_position
        for l in list(y_labels):
            y_position = l
            line = scene.addLine(0,height-(y_position*self.pixel_ratio_y), width, height-(y_position*self.pixel_ratio_y))
            line.setPen(pen)
            txt = scene.addText(str(l), QFont('sans',8,QFont.Light)) #/27612052/
            txt.setPos(0,height-(y_position*self.pixel_ratio_y)-12) # -12 to line up with tick mark
            y_position += yl_increment # move to next position
#
    def create_plot(self):
        self.width = 700
        self.height = 400
        poly_plot_data = []
# create scene and view
        scene = QGraphicsScene(0,0, self.width, self.height) #/10443894/
        view = QGraphicsView(scene)
        view.show()
# raw data
        data = [-10, -12, 0, -5, -10, -20]
# get parameters of data for plotting
        self.pixel_ratio_x, self.pixel_ratio_y, min_y, max_y, len_data = self.plot_parameters(data, self.width, self.height)
# create polyline data
        for d in range(0, len_data):
            poly_plot_data.append(QPointF(int(d*self.pixel_ratio_x), ((self.height)-(data[d])*self.pixel_ratio_y)))
# draw the axes - TODO x-axis
        self.plot_decoration(scene, data, min_y, max_y, self.width, self.height)
# draw polyline
        poly = QPolygonF(poly_plot_data) # /68704191/
        path = QPainterPath()
        path.addPolygon(poly)
        new_item = QGraphicsPathItem(path, None)
        new_item.setPen(QPen(QColor("red"), 1))
        scene.addItem(new_item)
        return view
#
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        plot = self.create_plot()
        self.setCentralWidget(plot)
        self.show()
###########################################
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = plot()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())
pyqt qgraphicsscene
1个回答
0
投票

这不是 PyQt 问题,这是图形缩放问题。

您需要在计算中考虑最小 y 值 从数据范围转换为图表的显示范围 正在画画。您正在绘制的数据的 y 值在 -20 到 0 的范围内。最重要的是,最小 y 值不为零。

这是计算要添加到

poly_plot_data
的点的循环,为了清晰起见,进行了格式化:

for d in range(0, len_data):
    poly_plot_data.append(QPointF(
        int(d*self.pixel_ratio_x), ((self.height)-(data[d])*self.pixel_ratio_y)))

数据中的最小 y 值为 -20,其中

self.height
为 400,
self.pixel_ratio_y
为 20。如果
data[d]
-20
,则
((self.height)-(data[d])*self.pixel_ratio_y)
计算为
400-(-20)*20
,等于 800,这显然不在 0 到 400 的范围内。

如果您希望图形场景中数据中的最小 y 值缩放为 y = 400,则需要在乘以比例因子之前从每个数据点中减去最小 y 值:

for d in range(0, len_data):
    poly_plot_data.append(QPointF(
        int(d*self.pixel_ratio_x), ((self.height)-(data[d]-min_y)*self.pixel_ratio_y)))

data[d]-min_y
是您的数据点比最小值多远,然后我们按像素比缩放,并从 400 中减去以确保 0 位于底部,400 位于顶部。

您还需要更改在图表上绘制刻度标签和线条的代码以减去

min_y
。我将由您来进行这些更改。

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