嗨,我有一个问题,也许你可以帮助我。
我有一台摄像机沿着一条路走下管。并且围绕该管旋转的相机总是指向管中的下一个点。但是,相机有时可以像过山车一样在管子的下方或旁边。像这样
我有点a的位置和相机的位置,即点b。我总是看着点+ 1
var bpoints = this.cameraPathpoints;
var apoints = this.pathPoints;
this.camera.position.copy(bpoints[i]);
this.camera.lookAt(apoints[i+1]);
相机始终正确地观察点,但我希望相机在其z轴上旋转,使其始终垂直于管。我尝试进行一些计算,以便摄像机在z轴上旋转,使摄像机始终面向管道,但我的计算仅适用于某些位置。也许有一种更简单的方法可以做到这一点。非常感谢您的帮助。
var angleRadians = Math.atan2(cpv[this.cameraPos].pos.y - centePoints[this.cameraPos].pos.y, cpv[this.cameraPos].pos.x - centePoints[this.cameraPos].pos.x);
if(angleRadians > 0 && angleRadians > Math.PI/2){
console.log("+90",(Math.PI/2) - angleRadians);
angleRadians = (Math.PI/2) - angleRadians;
this.camera.rotateZ(angleRadians);
console.log("rotated ", angleRadians * 180/Math.PI);
}
else if(angleRadians > 0 && angleRadians < Math.PI/2 && anglesum >
Math.PI/2){
console.log("-90",(Math.PI/2) - angleRadians);
angleRadians = (Math.PI/2) - angleRadians;
this.camera.rotateZ(-angleRadians);
console.log("rotated ", -angleRadians * 180/Math.PI);
}
else if(angleRadians > 0 && angleRadians < Math.PI/2){
console.log("-90",(Math.PI/2) + angleRadians);
angleRadians = -(Math.PI/2) - (angleRadians/Math.PI/2);
this.camera.rotateZ(angleRadians);
console.log("rotated ", angleRadians * 180/Math.PI);
}
else if(angleRadians < 0 && angleRadians < -Math.PI/2){
console.log("--90");
angleRadians = (Math.PI/2) + angleRadians;
this.camera.rotateZ(-angleRadians);
console.log("rotated ",-angleRadians * 180/Math.PI);
}else if(angleRadians < 0 && angleRadians > -Math.PI/2){
console.log("+-90");
angleRadians = (Math.PI/2) - angleRadians;
this.camera.rotateZ(-angleRadians);
console.log("rotated ", -angleRadians * 180/Math.PI);
}
而不是做数学,使相机成为其他THREE.Object3D
的孩子,并使用lookAt
与该对象。设置相机相对于该对象的位置和旋转。
对象下方称为mount
。它沿着路径(管的中心)向下。相机是mount
的孩子。该管具有1个单位半径,因此将camera.position.y设置为1.5使其位于管外。 lookAt
使非相机物体向下看正Z,但相机向下看负Z,所以我们将相机旋转180度。
例:
'use strict';
/* global THREE */
function main() {
const canvas = document.querySelector('#c');
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({canvas: canvas});
const scene = new THREE.Scene();
scene.background = new THREE.Color(0xAAAAAA);
const fov = 40;
const aspect = 2; // the canvas default
const near = 0.1;
const far = 1000;
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(fov, aspect, near, far);
camera.position.y = 1.5; // 2 units above the mount
camera.rotation.y = Math.PI; // the mount will lootAt positiveZ
const mount = new THREE.Object3D();
mount.add(camera);
scene.add(mount);
{
const color = 0xFFFFFF;
const intensity = 1;
const light = new THREE.DirectionalLight(color, intensity);
light.position.set(-1, 2, 4);
scene.add(light);
}
{
const color = 0xFFFFFF;
const intensity = 1;
const light = new THREE.DirectionalLight(color, intensity);
light.position.set(1, -2, -4);
scene.add(light);
}
const curve = new THREE.Curves.GrannyKnot();
const tubularSegments = 200;
const radius = 1;
const radialSegments = 6;
const closed = true;
const tube = new THREE.TubeBufferGeometry(
curve, tubularSegments, radius, radialSegments, closed);
const texture = new THREE.DataTexture(new Uint8Array([128, 255, 255, 128]),
2, 2, THREE.LuminanceFormat);
texture.needsUpdate = true;
texture.magFilter = THREE.NearestFilter;
texture.wrapS = THREE.RepeatWrapping;
texture.wrapT = THREE.RepeatWrapping;
texture.repeat.set( 100, 4 );
const material = new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial({
map: texture,
color: '#8CF',
flatShading: true,
});
const mesh = new THREE.Mesh(tube, material);
scene.add(mesh);
const target = new THREE.Vector3();
function resizeRendererToDisplaySize(renderer) {
const canvas = renderer.domElement;
const width = canvas.clientWidth;
const height = canvas.clientHeight;
const needResize = canvas.width !== width || canvas.height !== height;
if (needResize) {
renderer.setSize(width, height, false);
}
return needResize;
}
function render(time) {
time *= 0.001;
if (resizeRendererToDisplaySize(renderer)) {
const canvas = renderer.domElement;
camera.aspect = canvas.clientWidth / canvas.clientHeight;
camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
}
const t = time * 0.1 % 1;
curve.getPointAt(t, mount.position);
curve.getPointAt((t + 0.01) % 1, target);
mount.lookAt(target);
renderer.render(scene, camera);
requestAnimationFrame(render);
}
requestAnimationFrame(render);
}
main();
body { margin: 0; }
canvas { width: 100vw; height: 100vh; display: block; }
<canvas id="c"></canvas>
<script src="https://threejsfundamentals.org/threejs/resources/threejs/r102/three.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://threejsfundamentals.org/threejs/resources/threejs/r102/js/CurveExtras.js"></script>
您可以通过设置camera.rotation.x
轻松地使相机相对于安装座定向,以便更加朝向路径或方向。如果要围绕安装座旋转,请更改安装架的up
属性,或在安装架和摄像机之间添加另一个对象并设置其Z旋转。
'use strict';
/* global THREE */
function main() {
const canvas = document.querySelector('#c');
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({canvas: canvas});
const scene = new THREE.Scene();
scene.background = new THREE.Color(0xAAAAAA);
const fov = 40;
const aspect = 2; // the canvas default
const near = 0.1;
const far = 1000;
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(fov, aspect, near, far);
camera.position.y = 1.5; // 2 units above the mount
camera.rotation.y = Math.PI; // the mount will lootAt positiveZ
const mount = new THREE.Object3D();
const subMount = new THREE.Object3D();
subMount.rotation.z = Math.PI * .5;
subMount.add(camera);
mount.add(subMount);
scene.add(mount);
{
const color = 0xFFFFFF;
const intensity = 1;
const light = new THREE.DirectionalLight(color, intensity);
light.position.set(-1, 2, 4);
scene.add(light);
}
{
const color = 0xFFFFFF;
const intensity = 1;
const light = new THREE.DirectionalLight(color, intensity);
light.position.set(1, -2, -4);
scene.add(light);
}
const curve = new THREE.Curves.GrannyKnot();
const tubularSegments = 200;
const radius = 1;
const radialSegments = 6;
const closed = true;
const tube = new THREE.TubeBufferGeometry(
curve, tubularSegments, radius, radialSegments, closed);
const texture = new THREE.DataTexture(new Uint8Array([128, 255, 255, 128]),
2, 2, THREE.LuminanceFormat);
texture.needsUpdate = true;
texture.magFilter = THREE.NearestFilter;
texture.wrapS = THREE.RepeatWrapping;
texture.wrapT = THREE.RepeatWrapping;
texture.repeat.set( 100, 4 );
const material = new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial({
map: texture,
color: '#8CF',
flatShading: true,
});
const mesh = new THREE.Mesh(tube, material);
scene.add(mesh);
const target = new THREE.Vector3();
const target2 = new THREE.Vector3();
const mountToTarget = new THREE.Vector3();
const targetToTarget2 = new THREE.Vector3();
function resizeRendererToDisplaySize(renderer) {
const canvas = renderer.domElement;
const width = canvas.clientWidth;
const height = canvas.clientHeight;
const needResize = canvas.width !== width || canvas.height !== height;
if (needResize) {
renderer.setSize(width, height, false);
}
return needResize;
}
function render(time) {
time *= 0.001;
if (resizeRendererToDisplaySize(renderer)) {
const canvas = renderer.domElement;
camera.aspect = canvas.clientWidth / canvas.clientHeight;
camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
}
const t = time * 0.1 % 1;
curve.getPointAt(t, mount.position);
curve.getPointAt((t + 0.01) % 1, target);
// set mount up to be perpenticular to the
// curve
curve.getPointAt((t + 0.02) % 1, target2);
mountToTarget.subVectors(mount.position, target).normalize();
targetToTarget2.subVectors(target2, target).normalize();
mount.up.crossVectors(mountToTarget, targetToTarget2);
mount.lookAt(target);
renderer.render(scene, camera);
requestAnimationFrame(render);
}
requestAnimationFrame(render);
}
main();
body { margin: 0; }
canvas { width: 100vw; height: 100vh; display: block; }
<canvas id="c"></canvas>
<script src="https://threejsfundamentals.org/threejs/resources/threejs/r102/three.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://threejsfundamentals.org/threejs/resources/threejs/r102/js/CurveExtras.js"></script>