glsl 相关问题

我将 OpenGL 与 GLEW 和 GLFW 一起使用。我创建了两个着色器，它们编译得很好： #包括 #包括 #包括 #包括我将 OpenGL 与 GLEW 和 GLFW 一起使用。我创建了两个着色器，它们编译得很好： #include <iostream> #include <GL/glew.h> #include <OpenGL/OpenGL.h> #include <GLFW/glfw3.h> static unsigned int CompileShader( unsigned int type, const std::string source){ unsigned int id = glCreateShader(type); const char* src = source.c_str(); glShaderSource(id, 1, &src, nullptr); glCompileShader(id); int result; glGetShaderiv(id, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &result); if (result == GL_FALSE){ int length; glGetShaderiv(id, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &length); char* message = (char*)alloca(length * sizeof(char)); glGetShaderInfoLog(id, length, &length, message); std::cout <<"failed to compile " << (type == GL_VERTEX_SHADER ? "vertex" : "fragment") << " shader" <<"\n"; std::cout << message << "\n"; glDeleteShader(id); return 0; } return id; } static int CreateShader(const std::string& VertexShader, const std::string& FragmentShader){ unsigned int program = glCreateProgram(); unsigned int vs = CompileShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER, VertexShader); unsigned int fs = CompileShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, FragmentShader); glAttachShader(program, vs); glAttachShader(program, fs); glLinkProgram(program); glValidateProgram(program); glDeleteShader(vs); glDeleteShader(fs); return program; } int main(void){ /* Initialize the library */ GLFWwindow* window; if (!glfwInit()){return -1;} glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3); glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3); glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE); #ifdef __APPLE__ glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE); #endif /* Create a windowed mode window and its OpenGL context */ window = glfwCreateWindow(640, 480, "Gaston", NULL, NULL); if (!window){ glfwTerminate(); return -1; } /* Make the window's context current */ glfwMakeContextCurrent(window); if (glewInit() != GLEW_OK){ std::cout <<"glewunit(); failed\n"; } float positions[6] = { -0.5f, -0.5f, -.9f, .5f, 0.5f, 0.5f }; unsigned int buffer; glGenBuffers(1, &buffer); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, buffer); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(positions) * sizeof(float), positions, GL_STATIC_DRAW); glEnableVertexAttribArray(0); glVertexAttribPointer(0, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(float)*2, 0); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); std::string vertexshader = "#version 330 core\n" "\n" "layout(location = 0) in vec4 position;\n" "\n" "void main()\n" "{\n" " gl_Position = position;\n" "}\n"; std::string fragmentshader = "#version 330 core\n" "\n" "layout(location = 0) out vec4 colour;\n" "\n" "void main()\n" "{\n" " colour = vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);\n" "}\n"; unsigned int shader = CreateShader(vertexshader, fragmentshader); glUseProgram(shader); /* Loop until the user closes the window */ while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window)){ /* Render here */ glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3); /* Swap front and back buffers */ glfwSwapBuffers(window); /* Poll for and process events */ glfwPollEvents(); } glfwTerminate(); return 0; } ...但是三角形没有出现。我得到的只是一个空白屏幕。理想的结果是红色三角形。一些事情：作为@G.M.指出您需要绑定和填充顶点数组对象（VAO）（使用 VBO 绑定和顶点属性启用）才能在 Core 上下文中渲染事物。例如： GLuint vao = 0; glCreateVertexArrays(1, &vao); glBindVertexArray(vao); 着色器链接也可能失败，请务必通过 glGetProgramiv() & co. 检查这一点调试上下文和调试消息回调将显示 glDrawArrays() 调用抛出 GL_INVALID_OPERATION: if( glewIsSupported( "GL_ARB_debug_output" ) ) { glEnable( GL_DEBUG_OUTPUT_SYNCHRONOUS_ARB ); glDebugMessageControlARB( GL_DONT_CARE, GL_DONT_CARE, GL_DONT_CARE, 0, NULL, GL_TRUE ); glDebugMessageCallbackARB( []( GLenum, GLenum, GLuint, GLenum, GLsizei, const GLchar* message, const void* ) { std::cerr << "GL: " << message << std::endl; }, 0 ); } 输出： GL: GL_INVALID_OPERATION in glDrawArrays 大家一起： // g++ main.cpp $(pkg-config --cflags --libs glew glfw3) #include <GL/glew.h> #include <GLFW/glfw3.h> #include <iostream> void CheckStatus( GLuint obj, bool isShader ) { GLint status = GL_FALSE, log[ 1 << 11 ] = { 0 }; ( isShader ? glGetShaderiv : glGetProgramiv )( obj, isShader ? GL_COMPILE_STATUS : GL_LINK_STATUS, &status ); if( status == GL_TRUE ) return; ( isShader ? glGetShaderInfoLog : glGetProgramInfoLog )( obj, sizeof( log ), NULL, (GLchar*)log ); std::cerr << (GLchar*)log << "\n"; std::exit( EXIT_FAILURE ); } void AttachShader( GLuint program, GLenum type, const char* src ) { GLuint shader = glCreateShader( type ); glShaderSource( shader, 1, &src, NULL ); glCompileShader( shader ); CheckStatus( shader, true ); glAttachShader( program, shader ); glDeleteShader( shader ); } const char* const vert = R"GLSL( #version 330 core layout( location = 0 ) in vec4 position; void main() { gl_Position = position; }; )GLSL"; const char* const frag = R"GLSL( #version 330 core layout(location = 0) out vec4 colour; void main() { colour = vec4( 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 ); }; )GLSL"; int main( void ) { /* Initialize the library */ glfwSetErrorCallback( []( int, const char* desc ) { std::cerr << desc << "\n"; std::exit( EXIT_FAILURE ); } ); if( !glfwInit() ) { return -1; } glfwWindowHint( GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3 ); glfwWindowHint( GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3 ); glfwWindowHint( GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE ); #ifdef __APPLE__ glfwWindowHint( GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE ); #endif glfwWindowHint( GLFW_OPENGL_DEBUG_CONTEXT, GL_TRUE ); /* Create a windowed mode window and its OpenGL context */ GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow( 640, 480, "Gaston", NULL, NULL ); if( !window ) { glfwTerminate(); return -1; } /* Make the window's context current */ glfwMakeContextCurrent( window ); if( glewInit() != GLEW_OK ) { std::cout << "glewunit(); failed\n"; } if( glewIsSupported( "GL_ARB_debug_output" ) ) { glEnable( GL_DEBUG_OUTPUT_SYNCHRONOUS_ARB ); glDebugMessageControlARB( GL_DONT_CARE, GL_DONT_CARE, GL_DONT_CARE, 0, NULL, GL_TRUE ); glDebugMessageCallbackARB( []( GLenum, GLenum, GLuint, GLenum, GLsizei, const GLchar* message, const void* ) { std::cerr << "GL: " << message << std::endl; }, 0 ); } float positions[ 6 ] = { -0.5f, -0.5f, -.9f, .5f, 0.5f, 0.5f }; GLuint vao = 0; glCreateVertexArrays(1, &vao); glBindVertexArray(vao); unsigned int buffer; glGenBuffers( 1, &buffer ); glBindBuffer( GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, buffer ); glBufferData( GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof( positions ) * sizeof( float ), positions, GL_STATIC_DRAW ); glEnableVertexAttribArray( 0 ); glVertexAttribPointer( 0, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof( float ) * 2, 0 ); glBindBuffer( GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0 ); GLuint prog = glCreateProgram(); AttachShader( prog, GL_VERTEX_SHADER, vert ); AttachShader( prog, GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, frag ); glLinkProgram( prog ); CheckStatus( prog, false ); glUseProgram( prog ); /* Loop until the user closes the window */ while( !glfwWindowShouldClose( window ) ) { /* Render here */ glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT ); glDrawArrays( GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3 ); /* Swap front and back buffers */ glfwSwapBuffers( window ); /* Poll for and process events */ glfwPollEvents(); } glfwTerminate(); return 0; }

c++ opengl glsl glfw

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您可以在 GLSL 着色器中通过引用传递矩阵吗？

如何在 GLSL 着色器中通过引用传递？